Demonetisation led to formalisation of economy, expanded tax base: FM Arun Jaitley

Finance Minister Arun Jaitley Thursday said demonetisation resulted in formalisation of the economy and increased tax base, prompting the government to earmark more resources for the poor and infrastructure development.

In a Facebook post on the second anniversary of Demonetisation, Jaitley said in first four years of the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) government, the number of income tax returns filers has gone up to 6.86 crore from 3.8 crore in May 2014.

"By the time the first five years of this government are over, we will be close to doubling the assessee base," he said in the post titled "Impact Of Demonetisation".

The demonetisation of Rs 500 and Rs 1,000 currency notes in November 2016, the minister said, had resulted in "more formalisation (of economy), more revenue, more resources for the poor, better infrastructure, and a better quality of life for our citizens."

He further said with the implementation of the goods and services tax (GST), it is now becoming increasingly difficult to evade the tax system and the indirect tax to gross domestic product (GDP) ratio has gone up to 5.4 per cent post GST, from 4.4 per cent in 2014-15.

Terming the criticism, that almost the entire cash money got deposited in the banks post demonetisation, as "ill-informed", Jaitley said confiscation of currency was not an objective of demonetisation.

"Getting it into the formal economy and making the holders pay tax was the broader objective. The system required to be shaken in order to make India move from cash to digital transactions. This would obviously have an impact on higher tax revenue and a higher tax base," Jaitley said.

The government had on November 8, 2016, announced a ban on old 500 and 1000 rupee notes, to curb black money in the system.

Of the Rs 15.41 lakh crore worth Rs 500 and Rs 1,000 notes in circulation on November 8, 2016, 99.3 per cent or notes worth Rs 15.31 lakh crore have returned to the banking system.

This means just Rs 10,720 crore of the junked currency did not return to the banking system.

After the note ban, old junked notes, called specified bank notes (SBNs), were allowed to be deposited in banks with unusual deposits coming under income tax scrutiny.

Jaitley said demonetisation compelled holders of cash to deposit the same in the banks.

"The enormity of cash deposited and identified with the owner resulted in suspected 17.42 lakh account holders from whom the response has been received online through non-invasive method," he said.

The violators faced punitive actions. Larger deposits in banks improved lending capacity for the banks. A lot of this money was diverted to mutual funds for further investments. It became a part of the formal system, Jaitley added.

He said the share of the indigenously developed payment system of unified payments interface (UPI) and RuPay card have reached 65 per cent of the payments done through debit and credit cards.

Jaitley said in 2017-18, the tax returns filed reached 6.86 crore, an increase of 25 per cent over the previous year.

This year, as on October 31, 2018, already 5.99 crore returns have been filed - which is an increase of 54.33 per cent compared to the previous year till this date.

As many as 86.35 lakh new filers were added this year.

Economic Affairs Secretary Subhash Chandra Garg said demonetisation and GST reflect a long-term vision of the government and its ability to undertake massive structural reforms.

"Tax filers under both direct and indirect taxes are close to getting doubled. Digital payments have risen sharply and become commonplace. Fake notes are out," Garg tweeted.