Life on Mars? Bacteria embedded in meteorite gives irrefutable evidence about Red Planet

Scientists have discovered evidence of different forms of bacteria embedded within a Martian meteorite, suggesting that life may have once existed on the Red Planet. Named ALH-77005, the Martian meteorite was found in the Allan Hills on Antarctica during the mission of the Japanese National Institute of Polar Research between 1977 and 1978. Scientists from the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (HAS) Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences discovered embedded organic material in the meteorite.

They were able to determine the presence of organic matter in mineralised form such as different forms of bacteria within the meteorite. "Our work is important to a broad audience because it integrates planetary, earth, biological, chemical, and environmental sciences and will be of interest to many researchers in those fields," said Ildiko Gyollai from HAS Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences.

"The research will also be of interest to planetologists, experts of meteorite and astrobiology as well as researchers of the origin of life, and to the general public since it offers an example of a novel aspect of microbial mediation in stone meteorites," said Gyollai, lead author of the study published in the journal Open Astronomy. The research could change the examination of meteorites in the future.

In light of their discovery, the authors posit that solar system materials should be studied to establish whether there is evidence of microbial forms within space rocks -- and an indication that there was once life on Mars.